Advanced Patient Assessment Practice Exam

What disorder is associated with the elevation of BNP?

1. Metabolic acidosis

2. Hepatitis

3. Renal failure

4. CHF

The correct answer is: CHF

The elevation of B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is most commonly associated with congestive heart failure (CHF). BNP is a hormone produced by the ventricles of the heart in response to excessive stretching of heart muscle cells, which often occurs when the heart is under strain or failing to pump effectively. In cases of CHF, the heart is typically unable to manage blood flow adequately, leading to increased pressure in the heart and the subsequent release of BNP into the bloodstream. This biomarker is useful in diagnosing heart failure; elevated levels indicate that the heart is under significant stress and suggest that fluid overload is present. BNP can also be assessed to help differentiate between CHF and other causes of dyspnea, as elevated levels are particularly indicative of heart-related issues rather than disorders like metabolic acidosis, hepatitis, or renal failure. While these conditions can have their own impacts on body systems, they do not typically lead to the release of BNP in the same way that CHF does.