Advanced Patient Assessment Practice Exam

What is a common sign of dehydration in older adults?

1. Increased blood pressure

2. Dry skin

3. Increased appetite

4. Restlessness

The correct answer is: Dry skin

Dry skin is a common sign of dehydration in older adults because, as hydration levels decrease, the skin loses its elasticity and moisture, leading to a dry and often flaky appearance. This is particularly notable in older individuals because the natural aging process already results in a decline in skin hydration and elasticity. The body's ability to conserve water also diminishes with age, making older adults more susceptible to dehydration. The skin, being the largest organ, can easily reflect a person's hydration status. In the context of dehydration, dry skin is an observable physical change that caregivers and healthcare professionals look for as a vital clinical indicator. Other choices reflect either changes that are less characteristic of dehydration or potential signs of various conditions. Increased blood pressure does not typically indicate dehydration and may even be contrary, as dehydration often leads to decreased blood volume and potentially lower blood pressure. Increased appetite is not a sign of dehydration, as dehydration can actually lead to decreased appetite due to nausea or discomfort. Restlessness may be seen in various conditions, including pain or anxiety, but it is less directly indicative of dehydration compared to the physical state of the skin.