Advanced Patient Assessment Practice Exam

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Study for the Advanced Patient Assessment Exam. Use flashcards and multiple-choice questions, each enriched with hints and detailed explanations. Equip yourself for success with this comprehensive prep!

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What is the effect of parasympathetic stimulation on heart rate?

Increases heart rate
Decreases heart rate
No effect on heart rate
Fluctuates heart rate

The correct answer is: Decreases heart rate

Parasympathetic stimulation has a significant effect on heart rate primarily through the action of the vagus nerve, which releases acetylcholine at the heart. This neurotransmitter binds to muscarinic receptors on the cardiac pacemaker cells located in the sinoatrial (SA) node, leading to a decrease in heart rate. The activation of the parasympathetic nervous system promotes a state of rest and digest, slowing down the heart's activity to conserve energy during non-stressful situations. In this context, increased parasympathetic tone is associated with decreased coronary activity, allowing the heart rate to drop. This is particularly important in maintaining homeostasis and the body's response to various physiological demands. Thus, the overall effect of parasympathetic stimulation is that it effectively decreases heart rate, helping to regulate cardiovascular function according to the body's needs.