Advanced Patient Assessment Practice Exam

Which findings are consistent with hypervolemia in a patient?

1. Dry mucous membranes

2. Edema and hypertension

3. Bradycardia

4. Anxiety

The correct answer is: Edema and hypertension

The findings consistent with hypervolemia include edema and hypertension. Hypervolemia, or fluid overload, occurs when there is an excess of fluid in the blood vessels, leading to increased blood volume. This elevated blood volume can result in increased pressure within the blood vessels, causing hypertension. Edema is another hallmark of hypervolemia, characterized by an accumulation of fluid in the interstitial spaces, leading to swelling in various parts of the body, such as the legs, ankles, and abdomen. In cases of hypervolemia, the heart may also work harder to manage the increased volume, contributing to the development of hypertension. In contrast, dry mucous membranes might indicate dehydration rather than hypervolemia, and bradycardia is not typically associated with fluid overload. Anxiety is a general symptom that may arise from various medical conditions but is not specifically tied to hypervolemia.