Advanced Patient Assessment Practice Exam

Which of the following terms describes an abnormal decrease in red blood cell count?

1. Anemia

2. Polycythemia

3. Leukopenia

4. Cytothemia

The correct answer is: Anemia

Anemia is the term used to describe an abnormal decrease in red blood cell count. In this condition, the number of red blood cells or the amount of hemoglobin they contain is lower than normal, leading to a reduced capacity of the blood to carry oxygen to the body’s tissues. This can result from a variety of factors, including nutritional deficiencies (such as iron, vitamin B12, or folate), chronic diseases, bone marrow disorders, or blood loss from injuries or menstruation. Recognizing anemia is essential in clinical practice as it can have significant implications for patient health and may require various approaches for management, from dietary changes to medical interventions depending on the underlying cause.