Advanced Patient Assessment Practice Exam

Which term describes an abnormally low potassium level?

1. Hyponatremia

2. Hypocalcemia

3. Hypokalemia

4. Hypochloremia

The correct answer is: Hypokalemia

The term that describes an abnormally low potassium level is hypokalemia. Potassium is an essential electrolyte that plays a crucial role in various physiological processes, including muscle contraction and nerve transmission. When potassium levels fall below the normal range, it can lead to several health issues, including muscle weakness, cramps, and disturbances in heart rhythm. The other terms listed refer to different electrolyte imbalances. Hyponatremia refers specifically to low sodium levels, which can result in symptoms like confusion and seizures if severe. Hypocalcemia indicates low calcium levels in the blood, with potential effects on bone health and neuromuscular function. Hypochloremia describes a deficiency of chloride in the body, which may also affect fluid balance but is distinct from potassium levels. Therefore, hypokalemia is the accurate term to describe low potassium levels.